Tree | List

Organ systems

1. General anatomy

1.1. Regions and parts of the body

1.1.1. Regions of upper limb
1.1.2. Regions of lower limb

1.2. General myology

1.2.1. Structure of a skeletal muscle
1.2.2. Types of muscles
1.2.3. Structure of a skeletal muscle attachment

2. Skeleton

2.1. Skull

2.1.1. Separated bones

2.1.1.1. Ethmoid bone

2.1.1.1.1. Anterior view of ethmoid bone
2.1.1.1.2. Inferior view of ethmoid bone
2.1.1.1.3. Lateral view of ethmoid bone
2.1.1.1.4. The ethmoid bone, posterior and superior view

2.1.1.2. Frontal bone

2.1.1.2.1. Lateral view of frontal bone
2.1.1.2.2. Posterior view of frontal bone
2.1.1.2.3. Inferior view of frontal bone
2.1.1.2.4. Anterior view of fontal bone
2.1.1.2.5. The frontal bone, frontal view

2.1.1.3. Hyoid bone

2.1.1.3.1. Superior view of hyoid bone
2.1.1.3.2. Lateral view of hyoid bone
2.1.1.3.3. The hyoid bone

2.1.1.4. Lacrimal bone

2.1.1.4.1. Lateral view of lacrimal bone

2.1.1.5. Mandible

2.1.1.5.1. View of body of mandible
2.1.1.5.2. View of inner body of mandible
2.1.1.5.3. Lateral view of mandible
2.1.1.5.4. The mandible at different periods of life

2.1.1.6. Maxilla

2.1.1.6.1. Posterior view of maxilla
2.1.1.6.2. Anterior view of maxilla
2.1.1.6.3. Superior view of maxilla
2.1.1.6.4. Medial view of maxilla
2.1.1.6.5. The maxilla, outer surface
2.1.1.6.6. The maxilla and the palatine bone

2.1.1.7. Occipital bone

2.1.1.7.1. Inferior view of occipital bone
2.1.1.7.2. Lateral view of occipital bone
2.1.1.7.3. Anterior view of occipital bone
2.1.1.7.4. The occipital bone

2.1.1.8. Palatine bone

2.1.1.8.1. Posteror view of palatine bone
2.1.1.8.2. Medial view of palatine bone
2.1.1.8.3. View of inferior surface of palatine bone
2.1.1.8.4. The palatine bone

2.1.1.9. Parietal bone

2.1.1.9.1. Medial view of parietal bone
2.1.1.9.2. Lateral view of parietal bone

2.1.1.10. Sphenoid bone

2.1.1.10.1. Superior view of sphenoid bone
2.1.1.10.2. Posterior view of sphenoid bone
2.1.1.10.3. Inferior view of sphenoid bone
2.1.1.10.4. Anterior view of sphenoid bone
2.1.1.10.5. The sphenoid bone, anterior view
2.1.1.10.6. The sphenoid bone, dorsal view

2.1.1.11. Temporal bone

2.1.1.11.1. Anterior view
2.1.1.11.2. Lateral view
2.1.1.11.3. Posteror view of petrous part of temporal bone
2.1.1.11.4. Inferior view of temporal bone
2.1.1.11.5. Another inferior view of temporal bone
2.1.1.11.6. The temporal bone, lateral view
2.1.1.11.7. The temporal bone, inner view
2.1.1.11.8. The temporal bone, transversal section of petrous part.

2.1.1.12. Vomer

2.1.1.12.1. Lateral view of vomer

2.1.1.13. Zygomatic bone

2.1.1.13.1. Anteromedial view of zygomatic bone
2.1.1.13.2. Anterolateral view of zygomatic bone
2.1.1.13.3. Inferior view of zygomatic bone
2.1.1.13.4. The zygomatic bone

2.1.2. Skull in general

2.1.2.1. The skull
2.1.2.2. The skull, frontal view
2.1.2.3. Internal base of cranium
2.1.2.4. Base of the skull, upper surface
2.1.2.5. External base of cranium
2.1.2.6. Base of the skull, inferior suface
2.1.2.7. Norma verticalis
2.1.2.8. Norma occipitalis
2.1.2.9. Norma lateralis
2.1.2.10. Norma basilaris
2.1.2.11. Norma facialis
2.1.2.12. Lateral view of skull
2.1.2.13. View of turkish saddle
2.1.2.14. Pterygopalatine fossa, deep view
2.1.2.15. Infratemporal fossa
2.1.2.16. View of hard palate
2.1.2.17. The maxilla and the palatine bone
2.1.2.18. Saggital section of the skull
2.1.2.19. The temporomandibular articulation
2.1.2.20. Lateral X-ray picture of head
2.1.2.21. AP X-ray picture of head
2.1.2.22. CAT scan of head and neck, bone window, frontal sections
2.1.2.23. Orbit

2.1.2.23.1. The orbit, frontal view
2.1.2.23.2. Deep view of orbit
2.1.2.23.3. View of lateral wall of orbit
2.1.2.23.4. View of inferior wall of orbit
2.1.2.23.5. View of superior wall of orbit
2.1.2.23.6. View of medial wall of orbit

2.1.2.24. Nasal cavity

2.1.2.24.1. View of piriform aperture
2.1.2.24.2. View of bony nasal septum
2.1.2.24.3. Saggital section of nasal cavity
2.1.2.24.4. View of lateral wall of nasal cavity
2.1.2.24.5. View of posterior apertures of the nose

2.1.2.25. Skull of newborn

2.1.2.25.1. Skull of newborn, lateral view
2.1.2.25.2. Skull of newborn, superior view

2.2. Axial skeleton

2.2.1. Thoracic skeleton

2.2.1.1. Anterior view of thoracic skeleton
2.2.1.2. Lateral view of thoracic skeleton
2.2.1.3. Posterior view of thoracic skeleton
2.2.1.4. The sternum
2.2.1.5. Axial skeleton, pelvis and bones of thorax
2.2.1.6. 1st rib

2.2.1.6.1. Anterior view of 1st rib
2.2.1.6.2. Anterior view of 1st rib, different one
2.2.1.6.3. Ribs of right half of thorax.

2.2.1.7. 2nd rib

2.2.1.7.1. Anterior view of 2nd rib
2.2.1.7.2. Superior view of 2nd rib
2.2.1.7.3. Ribs of right half of thorax.

2.2.1.8. 7th rib

2.2.1.8.1. Inferior view of 7th rib
2.2.1.8.2. Superior view of 7th rib
2.2.1.8.3. Posterior view of 7th rib

2.2.2. Atlas

2.2.2.1. Atlas, anterior view
2.2.2.2. Atlas, posterior view
2.2.2.3. Atlas, superior view
2.2.2.4. Atlas, first cervical vertebra

2.2.3. Axis

2.2.3.1. Superior view of axis
2.2.3.2. Lateral view of axis
2.2.3.3. Anterior view of axis
2.2.3.4. Transoral X-ray of proximal cervical spine
2.2.3.5. Axis, second cervical vertebra

2.2.4. Cervical vertebra

2.2.4.1. Lateral view of cervical vertebra (C4)
2.2.4.2. Posterior view of cervical vertebra (C4)
2.2.4.3. Superior view of cervical vertebra (C4)
2.2.4.4. Cervical vertebra

2.2.5. Cervical spine

2.2.5.1. Lateral X-ray picture of cervical spine
2.2.5.2. AP X-ray picture of cervical spine

2.2.6. Thoracic vertebra

2.2.6.1. Lateral view of thoracic vertebra (T5)
2.2.6.2. Posterior view of thoracic vertebra (T5)
2.2.6.3. Superior view of thoracic vertebra (T5)
2.2.6.4. Thoracic vertebra

2.2.7. Lumbar vertebra

2.2.7.1. Lateral view of lumbar vertebra (L4)
2.2.7.2. Posterior view of lumbar vertebra (L4)
2.2.7.3. Superior view of lumbar vertebra (L4)
2.2.7.4. Lumbar vertebra

2.2.8. Coccyx

2.2.8.1. Posterior view of coccyx

2.2.9. Sacral bone

2.2.9.1. The sacral and the coccygeal vertebrae
2.2.9.2. Posterior view of sacral bone
2.2.9.3. Anterior view of sacral bone
2.2.9.4. Lateral view of sacral bone
2.2.9.5. Superior view of sacral bone

2.2.10. Pelvis

2.2.10.1. Lateral view of pelvis
2.2.10.2. Pelvic outlet
2.2.10.3. Pelvic inlet

2.3. Upper extermity

2.3.1. Clavicle

2.3.1.1. Superior view of clavicle
2.3.1.2. Inferior view of clavicle
2.3.1.3. Anterior view of clavicle
2.3.1.4. The clavicle, cranial and caudal view

2.3.2. Scapula

2.3.2.1. Lateral view of scapula
2.3.2.2. Posterior view of scapula
2.3.2.3. Superior view of scapula
2.3.2.4. Anterior view of scapula
2.3.2.5. The scapula

2.3.3. Humerus

2.3.3.1. Lateral view of humerus
2.3.3.2. Posterior view of humerus
2.3.3.3. Anterior view of humerus
2.3.3.4. Anterior view of proximal part of humerus
2.3.3.5. Anterior view of distal part of humerus
2.3.3.6. Posterior view of distal part of humerus
2.3.3.7. View of groove for radial nerve
2.3.3.8. The humerus, anterior and posterior view

2.3.4. Radius

2.3.4.1. Posterior view of radius
2.3.4.2. Anterior view of radius
2.3.4.3. View of distal part of radius, dorsomedial
2.3.4.4. Medial view of proximal part of radius
2.3.4.5. The radius and the ulna

2.3.5. Ulna

2.3.5.1. Lateral view of ulna
2.3.5.2. Anterior view of ulna
2.3.5.3. AP X-ray picture of forearm
2.3.5.4. Lateral X-ray picture of forearm
2.3.5.5. The radius and the ulna

2.3.6. Skeleton of hand

2.3.6.1. Skeleton of left hand, dorsal view
2.3.6.2. Skeleton of left hand, anterior view
2.3.6.3. Bones of a wrist
2.3.6.4. X-ray picture of hand
2.3.6.5. Skeleton of left hand, anterior view

2.4. Lower extermity

2.4.1. Hip bone

2.4.1.1. View of acetabulum
2.4.1.2. Lateral view of hip bone
2.4.1.3. Medial view of hip bone
2.4.1.4. Posterior view of hip bone

2.4.2. Thigh bone

2.4.2.1. Posterior view of femur
2.4.2.2. Anterior view of thigh bone
2.4.2.3. View of proximal part of femur
2.4.2.4. The femur, anterior and posterior view

2.4.3. Patella

2.4.3.1. Posterior view of patella
2.4.3.2. Anterior view of patella

2.4.4. Fibula

2.4.4.1. Posterior view of fibula
2.4.4.2. Medial view of fibula
2.4.4.3. Anterior view of fibula
2.4.4.4. The tibia and the fibula, anterior and posterior view

2.4.5. Tibia

2.4.5.1. View of proximal part of tibia
2.4.5.2. Anterior view of tibia
2.4.5.3. Posterior view of tibia
2.4.5.4. The tibia and the fibula, anterior and posterior view

2.4.6. Talus

2.4.6.1. Talus 360 view
2.4.6.2. Superior view of right talus
2.4.6.3. Inferior view of right talus
2.4.6.4. The talus and the calcaneus, superior view

2.4.7. Calcaneus

2.4.7.1. Calcaneus 360 view
2.4.7.2. Superior view of right calcaneus
2.4.7.3. The talus and the calcaneus, superior view

2.4.8. Cuneiform bones

2.4.8.1. Superior view of cuneiform bones
2.4.8.2. Posterior view of cuneiform bones
2.4.8.3. Inferior view of cuneiform bones

2.4.9. Skeleton of the foot

2.4.9.1. Skeleton of the foot

3. Joints

3.1. Joints of Upper Limb

3.1.1. Shoulder joint

3.1.1.1. Transverse MRI of shoulder
3.1.1.2. AP X-ray picture of shoulder

3.1.2. Elbow joint

3.1.2.1. Articulatio cubiti, medial view
3.1.2.2. Lateral X-ray picture of elbow
3.1.2.3. AP X-ray picture of elbow

3.1.3. Wrist and Small Joints of Hand

3.1.3.1. AP X-ray picture of finger
3.1.3.2. Lateral X-ray picture of finger
3.1.3.3. X-ray picture of hand, 14 years old
3.1.3.4. X-ray picture of hand, 3 years old

3.2. Joints of lower Limb

3.2.1. Pelvis

3.2.1.1. Pelvic ligaments, medial view
3.2.1.2. The pelvis and pelvis ligaments, anterior view
3.2.1.3. The pelvis and pelvic ligaments, posterior view

3.2.2. Hip Joint

3.2.2.1. AP X-ray picture of hip joint
3.2.2.2. Axial X-ray picture of hip joint

3.2.3. Knee Joint

3.2.3.1. Knee joint, anterior view
3.2.3.2. Axial X-ray picture of knee
3.2.3.3. Lateral X-ray picture of knee
3.2.3.4. Sagittal MRI of knee
3.2.3.5. Frontal MRI of knee

3.2.4. Ankle Joint

3.2.4.1. AP X-ray picture of ankle joint
3.2.4.2. Lateral X-ray picture of ankle joint

3.2.5. Joints of Foot

3.2.5.1. X-ray picture of a foot

4. Muscles and Fasciae

4.1. Head muscles

4.1.1. Muscles of head
4.1.2. Masticatory muscles
4.1.3. Dissection of facial regions, front view
4.1.4. Facial regions, lateral view
4.1.5. Infratemporal fossa, lateral view

4.2. Neck muscles

4.2.1. Preavertebral muscles of neck, anterior view
4.2.2. The carotid triangle
4.2.3. The carotid triangle
4.2.4. Suprahyoid and infrahyoid neck muscles

4.3. Dorsal muscles

4.3.1. Superficial dorsal muscles
4.3.2. Dorsal regions
4.3.3. Transversal section of dorsal muscles
4.3.4. The trapezius muscle dissection
4.3.5. Musculi nuchae profundi
4.3.6. Musculi dorsi, spinotransversal system
4.3.7. Dorsal muscles, spinocostal and sacrospinal muscle system
4.3.8. Musculi dorsi, spinospinal system
4.3.9. Musculi dorsi, transversospinal system
4.3.10. Musculus quadratus lumborum

4.4. Thoracic muscles

4.4.1. Diaphragm, superior view
4.4.2. Diaphragm, inferior view
4.4.3. Intercostal muscles

4.5. Abdominal muscles

4.5.1. Inquinal region, anterior view
4.5.2. Inquinal region, posterior view
4.5.3. Saggital section of inquinal canal
4.5.4. Inquinal region
4.5.5. Transversal section of abdominal muscles
4.5.6. Urinary bladder and prostate
4.5.7. Inquinal region, posterior wall of the inquinal canal
4.5.8. Regio inguinalis, spermatic cord dissection

4.6. Muscles of Upper Limb

4.6.1. Anterior view of shoulder
4.6.2. Transverse MRI of shoulder
4.6.3. The axilla
4.6.4. Anterior view of brachium
4.6.5. Muscles of shoulder and arm, anterior view
4.6.6. Upper arm, anterior muscles
4.6.7. Anterior view of antebrachium
4.6.8. Muscles of forearm and hand, anterior view
4.6.9. Posterior view of shoulder
4.6.10. Posterior view of brachium
4.6.11. Muscles of shoulder arm, posterior view
4.6.12. Muscles of upper arm, posterior part
4.6.13. Anterior cubital region
4.6.14. Muscles of forearm, anterior view
4.6.15. Supinator muscle
4.6.16. Deep extensor muscles of forearm
4.6.17. Posterior view of antebrachium
4.6.18. Muscles of forearm and hand, posterior view
4.6.19. Palm of hand, superficial layers
4.6.20. Palm muscles
4.6.21. Sheaths of the hand, anterior view
4.6.22. Sheaths of the hand, posterior view
4.6.23. Dorsal inteosseal muscles of the hand

4.7. Muscles of Lower Limb

4.7.1. Muscles of hip and thigh, posterior view
4.7.2. Muscles of hip, anterior view
4.7.3. Deep muscles of hip, posterior view
4.7.4. Muscles of thigh, anterior view
4.7.5. Anterior muscles of thigh
4.7.6. Anterior thigh region and femoral triangle
4.7.7. Gluteal region
4.7.8. Posterior muscles of thigh
4.7.9. Medial muscles of thigh
4.7.10. Posterior side of knee
4.7.11. Sagittal MRI of knee
4.7.12. Frontal MRI of knee
4.7.13. Muscles of lower leg, anterior view
4.7.14. Muscles of lower leg, posterior view
4.7.15. Posterior muscles of lower leg
4.7.16. Dorsum of foot
4.7.17. Extensors retinacula and recinacula of peroneal tendons
4.7.18. Plantar muscles
4.7.19. Interossei muscles of the foot
4.7.20. Plantar side of foot
4.7.21. Transverse arch of the foot

5. Digestive System

5.1. Oral cavity

5.1.1. The tongue, superior view
5.1.2. The tongue, superior surface

5.2. Salivary glands

5.2.1. Syntopy of the parotid gland

5.3. The pharynx

5.3.1. Pharyngeal muscles

5.4. The esophagus

5.4.1. Synthopy of the esophagus

5.5. The stomach

5.5.1. The stomach
5.5.2. The stomach, opened anterior wall
5.5.3. The stomach musculature

5.6. Small intestine

5.6.1. The pancreas and duodenum, anterior view

5.7. Large intestine

5.7.1. The cecum and vermiform appendix

5.8. The rectum

5.8.1. The rectum and the anus, frontal section

5.9. The liver and the gallbladder

5.9.1. The liver, anterior view
5.9.2. The liver from behind and below
5.9.3. The gallbladder and cystic duct

5.10. The pancreas

5.10.1. The pancreas and duodenum, anterior view

5.11. Abdominal cavity

5.11.1. The supramesocolic space
5.11.2. The supramesocolic space and its vessels
5.11.3. The supramesocolic space and its vessels
5.11.4. The inframesocolic space

6. Respiratory System

6.1. The larynx

6.1.1. The larynx, laryngeal cartilages
6.1.2. The larynx and its ligaments
6.1.3. The larynx, laryngeal musculature
6.1.4. Laryngeal inlet
6.1.5. Laryngoscopic view of the larynx

6.2. The trachea and bronchi

6.2.1. Bronchial tree, anterior view
6.2.2. Bronchoscopic images in the circular views of the bronchial tree
6.2.3. Arterial supply to the bronchi
6.2.4. The pulmonary alveoli

6.3. The lungs

6.3.1. Left lung, medial view
6.3.2. Right lung, medial view
6.3.3. The lungs, anterior view

6.4. Thoracic cavity

6.4.1. Borders of lungs and pleura
6.4.2. Borders of lungs and pleura, view from left and right side
6.4.3. Breathings movements of lung

6.5. The mediastinum

6.5.1. Transversal section of thorax
6.5.2. The trachea and its relation to bronchi, blood vessels and nerves

7. Urogenital System

7.1. Internal female genitalia

7.1.1. Internal female genitalia
7.1.2. The ovary, section
7.1.3. Vaginal part of cervix
7.1.4. Menstrual cycle

7.2. External female genitalia

7.2.1. External female genitalia

7.3. Internal male genitalia

7.3.1. Rectal palpation of the prostate
7.3.2. Urinary bladder and prostate

7.4. Retroperitoneum

7.4.1. Retroperitoneal space, kidneys and large vessels

7.5. Perineum

7.5.1. Muscles of pelvic floor, superior view
7.5.2. Frontal section of pelvis, section of rectum and anal canal.
7.5.3. The perineal region, male
7.5.4. Perineal region, female

8. Cardiovascular System

8.1. The heart

8.1.1. The heart, anterior view, opened
8.1.2. Frontal section of the heart
8.1.3. The pericardium
8.1.4. Defect of pars membranacea of interventricular septum
8.1.5. The conduction system of heart
8.1.6. Right atrium, anterior view, opened
8.1.7. Frontal section of the heart, defect of interventricular septum
8.1.8. Heart innervation
8.1.9. Innervation of the heart, posterior view

9. Nervous System

9.1. Peripheral Nervous System

9.1.1. Cranial nerves

9.1.1.1. Dissection of facial regions, front view
9.1.1.2. Facial regions, lateral view
9.1.1.3. Infratemporal fossa, lateral view
9.1.1.4. Nerves in the pterygopalatine fossa, lateral view
9.1.1.5. Cervical regions, anterior view

9.1.2. Spinal nerves

9.1.2.1. Lateral cervical regions
9.1.2.2. Cervical regions, anterior view

9.2. Central Nervous System

9.2.1. Brain sections

9.2.1.1. Brain stem

9.2.1.2. Section through hemispheres

9.2.2. Frontal serial sections through hemispheres

9.2.2.1. Genu corporis callosi
9.2.2.2. Striatum 1
9.2.2.3. Striatum 2
9.2.2.4. Striatum, accumbens nucleus
9.2.2.5. Striatum, ncl. accumbens, fornix
9.2.2.6. Striatum, pallidum, amygdala
9.2.2.7. Chiasma opticum
9.2.2.8. Mammilary bodies
9.2.2.9. Caudal part of thalamus
9.2.2.10. Mesencephalic crura
9.2.2.11. Pulvinar thalami
9.2.2.12. Splenium of corpus callosum

9.2.3. Horizontal sections through hemispheres

9.2.3.1. Horizontal section - basal nuclei and internal capsule

9.2.4. Macroscopic photographs

9.2.4.1. Hindbrain

9.2.4.1.1. Inferior view of hindbrain
9.2.4.1.2. Superior view of hindbrain
9.2.4.1.3. Posterior view of hindbrain
9.2.4.1.4. Anterior view of hindbrain

9.2.4.2. Cerebellum

9.2.4.2.1. Sagittal section of cerebellum

9.2.4.3. Diencephalon

9.2.4.3.1. Diencephalon, sagittal section
9.2.4.3.2. Posterior view of diencephalon
9.2.4.3.3. Superior view of diencephalon
9.2.4.3.4. Inferior view of diencephalon

9.2.4.4. Telencephalon

9.2.4.4.1. The telencephalon
9.2.4.4.2. Superior view of telencephalon
9.2.4.4.3. Lateral view of telencephalon
9.2.4.4.4. Medial view of telencephalon

9.2.4.5. Archeocortex

9.2.4.5.1. Hippocampus

9.2.4.5.1.1. Hippocampus

9.2.4.6. Paleocortex

9.2.4.6.1. Olfactory brain

9.2.4.7. Arachnoid granulations
9.2.4.8. Pontocerebellar trigone

9.3. Interactive pathways of the CNS

9.3.1. Sensory system

9.3.1.1. Spino-thalamic tract
9.3.1.2. Spino-bulbo-thalamo-cortical tract
9.3.1.3. Spino-reticular tract

9.3.2. Motor system

9.3.2.1. Cortico-spinal tract
9.3.2.2. Cortico-spinal tract in MRI
9.3.2.3. Rubro-spinal tract
9.3.2.4. Tecto-spinal tract
9.3.2.5. Vestibulo-spinal tract
9.3.2.6. Reticulo-spinal tract

9.3.3. Quiz

9.3.3.1. Topography of Cortico-spinal tract
9.3.3.2. Topography of Spino-Thalamic tract
9.3.3.3. Topography of Lemniscal system

10. Organs of the Special Senses and Integument

10.1. Organs of vision

10.1.1. Accessory organs of eye

10.1.1.1. Orbit and occular muscles, anterior view
10.1.1.2. Eye muscles, function diagram
10.1.1.3. The upper eyelid, saggital section
10.1.1.4. The lacrimal system
10.1.1.5. The orbit, frontal section